im gonna show u an example that helped me understand scaling, if ur still confused then im sorry
sarah came first internally after all her assignments were done for mathematics advanced
adam came second
conrad came third
their overall internal marks were respectfully 90, 87, 85
but nesa doesnt give a shit abt their internal marks bc thats relative to the school, and every school has different assignments so thats chucked aside. they only look at the rank
after the hsc, this was their exam marks
sarah got 88
adam got 95
conrad got 91
in the hsc exam marks, this is their ranks:
1. adam 95
2. conrad 91
3. sarah 88
this is their external mark, which means they get to keep 50% of it. the other 50% comes from their internal mark. but how does that come about? moderation by looking at what the cohort got in the hsc
in the HSC EXAMS adam got the highest mark, placing 1st. yet internally, he's still second.
because sarah came first internally, she receives his mark as her INTERNAL mark, making up the other half of her hsc mark for maths
this means sarahs mark is calculated by the average between 88 and 95 (88+95=183) ⇾ 183 divided by 2 = 91.5, which is rounded up to 92 since hsc marks r never .5
so, sarahs hsc mark for mathematics advanced is 92
adam came first externally and second internally. no, sarah did not take his mark. thats not how it works.
adam keeps the 95 as his external mark
nesa looks at the cohorts hsc marks and selects the 2nd highest mark to place as adams internal mark
conrad came 2nd externally with a 91, so obv with the average calculation, adams overall hsc mark is 93
this shows that despite sarah coming first internally, adam still managed to get a higher mark than her in his overall hsc mark
and obviously with conrad, he came 3rd internally and 2nd externally, making his mark a mix of his external mark of 91 and sarahs 88, with his overall hsc mark being 89.5, rounded to a 90
this is now their overall hsc marks
sarah: 92
adam: 93
conrad: 90